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As a result of a vast research project during the 1960's in the USA, the laser was invented.
The unusual emissions of lasers drew the attention of physicists, biologists and doctors. The essence of the interaction of a laser emission with a biological (live) subject is a very significant topic, which is unfortunately studied insufficiently.
Laser beam irradiation applied to a biological subject has the ability to change the state of the atomic and molecular excitation of a live tissue on the biological subject.
The therapeutic potential of lasers varies depending on the mechanisms of their action on the tissues (Photothermal Interaction, Photomechanical Interaction, Photochemical Interaction and others).
The therapeutic action of lasers in dermatology is based on the Photothermal (an increase in the temperature) action of a laser.
Laser beams are used the following ways:
- local topical emission for stimulation of the metabolic processes,
- local topical emission of the affected areas for destruction of pathologic formations (tumors etc.)
- reflector action on the biologically active points or zones (laser acupuncture), most frequently used with the disseminated changes in the skin.
In the complex treatment of people with psoriasis, used is a low-energy laser emission. In this case there is noted an expressed stimulating effect of the lasers on the body. For treating psoriasis they usually use helium-neon, ultraviolet and rubidium lasers.
The course of treatment usually consists of 15-20 procedures, which are conducted daily. With each procedure they irradiate 2-3 areas affected with psoriasis.
The luminous flux of a laser emission is directed in such a way that the area affected by psoriasis and the surrounding section of the skin with limits of 1-2 cm would fall into the region of the laser UV light. If the psoriatic lesion exceeds the dimensions of the laser light beam, then the irradiation is applied by zones, starting from the peripheral sections and moving to the central part of the psoriatic lesion.
If one laser treatment was not effective, there then may be needed two courses of laser-therapy with a 2 weeks interruption. The application of combined laser emission is one of the methods of increasing the effectiveness of laser therapy.
Patients with limited psoriasis are treated with the aid of local topical laser beams, and patients with the disseminated psoriatic lesions are treated with a more complex laser therapy.
The data gathered from the application of lasers in psoriasis therapy testifies about the good results and the prospects of this new method of psoriasis treatment.
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